Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS Dry Eye) in dogs

Measured in 7 breeds across 2 sources. Figures are grouped by how they were measured, because those groups are not comparable with one another.

16.1%Highest recorded
7Breeds measured
$345Typical treatment cost

Owner survey

Share of dogs whose owners reported the condition at one point in time.

Depends on owners noticing and recalling. Mild or resolved cases are undercounted.

  • Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

    breed-specific finding KC survey 2017, 2014

    Live UK Kennel Club registered dogs, owner reported

    4.1% 3.1% to 5.3% $345 typical
  • Pug

    breed-specific finding KC survey 2017, 2014

    Live UK Kennel Club registered dogs, owner reported

    3.8% 2.5% to 5.7% $345 typical
  • West Highland White Terrier

    breed-specific finding KC survey 2017, 2014

    Live UK Kennel Club registered dogs, owner reported

    2.4% 1.6% to 3.7% $345 typical
  • Lhasa Apso

    breed-specific finding KC survey 2017, 2014

    Live UK Kennel Club registered dogs, owner reported

    1.5% 0.72% to 3% $345 typical
  • Cocker Spaniel

    breed-specific finding KC survey 2017, 2014

    Live UK Kennel Club registered dogs, owner reported

    1.2% 0.93% to 1.6% $345 typical

Lifetime, owner-reported

Share of dogs whose owners report the dog has ever had the condition.

Counts everything a dog has ever had, so it runs higher than a one-year rate and is not comparable with one.

  • Shih Tzu

    clinical or cohort Dog Aging Project breeds 2023, 2019-2022 n = 31

    27,541 US companion dogs in the Dog Aging Project, owner reported

    16.1% 11.5% to 21.9%
  • Pug

    clinical or cohort Dog Aging Project breeds 2023, 2019-2022 n = 19

    27,541 US companion dogs in the Dog Aging Project, owner reported

    10.1% 6.6% to 15.2%

Where these figures come from

  • Dog Aging Project breeds 2023 Grade B

    Forsyth KK, McCoy BM, Schmid SM, Promislow DEL, Snyder-Mackler N, the DAP Consortium. Lifetime prevalence of owner-reported medical conditions in the 25 most common dog breeds in the Dog Aging Project pack. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2023;10:1140417.

    View source
  • KC survey 2017 Grade C

    Wiles BM, Llewellyn-Zaidi AM, Evans KM, O'Neill DG, Lewis TW. Large-scale survey to estimate the prevalence of disorders for 192 Kennel Club registered breeds. Canine Genetics and Epidemiology. 2017;4:8.

    View source

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